Lineare Algebra Beispiele

Ermittle die Pivotpositionen und Pivotspalten [[3,6,-5,-1,-8,x],[6,-2,3,2,13,y],[4,-3,-1,-3,-1,z],[5,6,-3,4,-6,t]]
[36-5-1-8x6-23213y4-3-1-3-1z56-34-6t]⎢ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢36518x623213y43131z56346t⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥
Schritt 1
Ermittele die normierte Zeilenstufenform.
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Schritt 1.1
Multiply each element of R1R1 by 1313 to make the entry at 1,11,1 a 11.
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Schritt 1.1.1
Multiply each element of R1R1 by 1313 to make the entry at 1,11,1 a 11.
[3363-53-13-83x36-23213y4-3-1-3-1z56-34-6t]⎢ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢3363531383x3623213y43131z56346t⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥
Schritt 1.1.2
Vereinfache R1R1.
[12-53-13-83x36-23213y4-3-1-3-1z56-34-6t]⎢ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢12531383x3623213y43131z56346t⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥
[12-53-13-83x36-23213y4-3-1-3-1z56-34-6t]⎢ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢12531383x3623213y43131z56346t⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥
Schritt 1.2
Perform the row operation R2=R2-6R1R2=R26R1 to make the entry at 2,12,1 a 00.
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Schritt 1.2.1
Perform the row operation R2=R2-6R1R2=R26R1 to make the entry at 2,12,1 a 00.
[12-53-13-83x36-61-2-623-6(-53)2-6(-13)13-6(-83)y-6x34-3-1-3-1z56-34-6t]⎢ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢12531383x366126236(53)26(13)136(83)y6x343131z56346t⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥
Schritt 1.2.2
Vereinfache R2R2.
[12-53-13-83x30-1413429y-2x4-3-1-3-1z56-34-6t]⎢ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢12531383x301413429y2x43131z56346t⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥
[12-53-13-83x30-1413429y-2x4-3-1-3-1z56-34-6t]⎢ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢12531383x301413429y2x43131z56346t⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥
Schritt 1.3
Perform the row operation R3=R3-4R1 to make the entry at 3,1 a 0.
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Schritt 1.3.1
Perform the row operation R3=R3-4R1 to make the entry at 3,1 a 0.
[12-53-13-83x30-1413429y-2x4-41-3-42-1-4(-53)-3-4(-13)-1-4(-83)z-4x356-34-6t]
Schritt 1.3.2
Vereinfache R3.
[12-53-13-83x30-1413429y-2x0-11173-53293z-4x356-34-6t]
[12-53-13-83x30-1413429y-2x0-11173-53293z-4x356-34-6t]
Schritt 1.4
Perform the row operation R4=R4-5R1 to make the entry at 4,1 a 0.
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Schritt 1.4.1
Perform the row operation R4=R4-5R1 to make the entry at 4,1 a 0.
[12-53-13-83x30-1413429y-2x0-11173-53293z-4x35-516-52-3-5(-53)4-5(-13)-6-5(-83)t-5x3]
Schritt 1.4.2
Vereinfache R4.
[12-53-13-83x30-1413429y-2x0-11173-53293z-4x30-4163173223t-5x3]
[12-53-13-83x30-1413429y-2x0-11173-53293z-4x30-4163173223t-5x3]
Schritt 1.5
Multiply each element of R2 by -114 to make the entry at 2,2 a 1.
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Schritt 1.5.1
Multiply each element of R2 by -114 to make the entry at 2,2 a 1.
[12-53-13-83x3-1140-114-14-11413-1144-11429-114(y-2x)0-11173-53293z-4x30-4163173223t-5x3]
Schritt 1.5.2
Vereinfache R2.
[12-53-13-83x301-1314-27-2914-y14+x70-11173-53293z-4x30-4163173223t-5x3]
[12-53-13-83x301-1314-27-2914-y14+x70-11173-53293z-4x30-4163173223t-5x3]
Schritt 1.6
Perform the row operation R3=R3+11R2 to make the entry at 3,2 a 0.
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Schritt 1.6.1
Perform the row operation R3=R3+11R2 to make the entry at 3,2 a 0.
[12-53-13-83x301-1314-27-2914-y14+x70+110-11+111173+11(-1314)-53+11(-27)293+11(-2914)z-4x3+11(-y14+x7)0-4163173223t-5x3]
Schritt 1.6.2
Vereinfache R3.
[12-53-13-83x301-1314-27-2914-y14+x700-19142-10121-55142z-11y14+5x210-4163173223t-5x3]
[12-53-13-83x301-1314-27-2914-y14+x700-19142-10121-55142z-11y14+5x210-4163173223t-5x3]
Schritt 1.7
Perform the row operation R4=R4+4R2 to make the entry at 4,2 a 0.
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Schritt 1.7.1
Perform the row operation R4=R4+4R2 to make the entry at 4,2 a 0.
[12-53-13-83x301-1314-27-2914-y14+x700-19142-10121-55142z-11y14+5x210+40-4+41163+4(-1314)173+4(-27)223+4(-2914)t-5x3+4(-y14+x7)]
Schritt 1.7.2
Vereinfache R4.
[12-53-13-83x301-1314-27-2914-y14+x700-19142-10121-55142z-11y14+5x210034219521-2021t-2y7-23x21]
[12-53-13-83x301-1314-27-2914-y14+x700-19142-10121-55142z-11y14+5x210034219521-2021t-2y7-23x21]
Schritt 1.8
Multiply each element of R3 by -42191 to make the entry at 3,3 a 1.
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Schritt 1.8.1
Multiply each element of R3 by -42191 to make the entry at 3,3 a 1.
[12-53-13-83x301-1314-27-2914-y14+x7-421910-421910-42191(-19142)-42191(-10121)-42191(-55142)-42191(z-11y14+5x21)0034219521-2021t-2y7-23x21]
Schritt 1.8.2
Vereinfache R3.
[12-53-13-83x301-1314-27-2914-y14+x7001202191551191-42z191+33y191-10x1910034219521-2021t-2y7-23x21]
[12-53-13-83x301-1314-27-2914-y14+x7001202191551191-42z191+33y191-10x1910034219521-2021t-2y7-23x21]
Schritt 1.9
Perform the row operation R4=R4-3421R3 to make the entry at 4,3 a 0.
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Schritt 1.9.1
Perform the row operation R4=R4-3421R3 to make the entry at 4,3 a 0.
[12-53-13-83x301-1314-27-2914-y14+x7001202191551191-42z191+33y191-10x1910-342100-342103421-342119521-3421202191-2021-3421551191t-2y7-23x21-3421(-42z191+33y191-10x191)]
Schritt 1.9.2
Vereinfache R4.
[12-53-13-83x301-1314-27-2914-y14+x7001202191551191-42z191+33y191-10x191000537191-1074191t+68z191-108y191-193x191]
[12-53-13-83x301-1314-27-2914-y14+x7001202191551191-42z191+33y191-10x191000537191-1074191t+68z191-108y191-193x191]
Schritt 1.10
Multiply each element of R4 by 191537 to make the entry at 4,4 a 1.
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Schritt 1.10.1
Multiply each element of R4 by 191537 to make the entry at 4,4 a 1.
[12-53-13-83x301-1314-27-2914-y14+x7001202191551191-42z191+33y191-10x191191537019153701915370191537537191191537(-1074191)191537(t+68z191-108y191-193x191)]
Schritt 1.10.2
Vereinfache R4.
[12-53-13-83x301-1314-27-2914-y14+x7001202191551191-42z191+33y191-10x1910001-2191t537+68z537-36y179-193x537]
[12-53-13-83x301-1314-27-2914-y14+x7001202191551191-42z191+33y191-10x1910001-2191t537+68z537-36y179-193x537]
Schritt 1.11
Perform the row operation R3=R3-202191R4 to make the entry at 3,4 a 0.
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Schritt 1.11.1
Perform the row operation R3=R3-202191R4 to make the entry at 3,4 a 0.
[12-53-13-83x301-1314-27-2914-y14+x70-20219100-20219101-2021910202191-2021911551191-202191-2-42z191+33y191-10x191-202191(191t537+68z537-36y179-193x537)0001-2191t537+68z537-36y179-193x537]
Schritt 1.11.2
Vereinfache R3.
[12-53-13-83x301-1314-27-2914-y14+x700105-202t-176x-207y+190z5370001-2191t537+68z537-36y179-193x537]
[12-53-13-83x301-1314-27-2914-y14+x700105-202t-176x-207y+190z5370001-2191t537+68z537-36y179-193x537]
Schritt 1.12
Perform the row operation R2=R2+27R4 to make the entry at 2,4 a 0.
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Schritt 1.12.1
Perform the row operation R2=R2+27R4 to make the entry at 2,4 a 0.
[12-53-13-83x30+2701+270-1314+270-27+271-2914+27-2-y14+x7+27(191t537+68z537-36y179-193x537)00105-202t-176x-207y+190z5370001-2191t537+68z537-36y179-193x537]
Schritt 1.12.2
Vereinfache R2.
[12-53-13-83x301-13140-3714764t+272z+302x-969y751800105-202t-176x-207y+190z5370001-2191t537+68z537-36y179-193x537]
[12-53-13-83x301-13140-3714764t+272z+302x-969y751800105-202t-176x-207y+190z5370001-2191t537+68z537-36y179-193x537]
Schritt 1.13
Perform the row operation R1=R1+13R4 to make the entry at 1,4 a 0.
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Schritt 1.13.1
Perform the row operation R1=R1+13R4 to make the entry at 1,4 a 0.
[1+1302+130-53+130-13+131-83+13-2x3+13(191t537+68z537-36y179-193x537)01-13140-3714764t+272z+302x-969y751800105-202t-176x-207y+190z5370001-2191t537+68z537-36y179-193x537]
Schritt 1.13.2
Vereinfache R1.
[12-530-103191t+68z+344x-108y161101-13140-3714764t+272z+302x-969y751800105-202t-176x-207y+190z5370001-2191t537+68z537-36y179-193x537]
[12-530-103191t+68z+344x-108y161101-13140-3714764t+272z+302x-969y751800105-202t-176x-207y+190z5370001-2191t537+68z537-36y179-193x537]
Schritt 1.14
Perform the row operation R2=R2+1314R3 to make the entry at 2,3 a 0.
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Schritt 1.14.1
Perform the row operation R2=R2+1314R3 to make the entry at 2,3 a 0.
[12-530-103191t+68z+344x-108y16110+131401+13140-1314+131410+13140-3714+13145764t+272z+302x-969y7518+1314(-202t-176x-207y+190z537)00105-202t-176x-207y+190z5370001-2191t537+68z537-36y179-193x537]
Schritt 1.14.2
Vereinfache R2.
[12-530-103191t+68z+344x-108y161101002-133t-185x-123y+157z53700105-202t-176x-207y+190z5370001-2191t537+68z537-36y179-193x537]
[12-530-103191t+68z+344x-108y161101002-133t-185x-123y+157z53700105-202t-176x-207y+190z5370001-2191t537+68z537-36y179-193x537]
Schritt 1.15
Perform the row operation R1=R1+53R3 to make the entry at 1,3 a 0.
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Schritt 1.15.1
Perform the row operation R1=R1+53R3 to make the entry at 1,3 a 0.
[1+5302+530-53+5310+530-103+535191t+68z+344x-108y1611+53(-202t-176x-207y+190z537)01002-133t-185x-123y+157z53700105-202t-176x-207y+190z5370001-2191t537+68z537-36y179-193x537]
Schritt 1.15.2
Vereinfache R1.
[12005-91t-136x-103y+98z17901002-133t-185x-123y+157z53700105-202t-176x-207y+190z5370001-2191t537+68z537-36y179-193x537]
[12005-91t-136x-103y+98z17901002-133t-185x-123y+157z53700105-202t-176x-207y+190z5370001-2191t537+68z537-36y179-193x537]
Schritt 1.16
Perform the row operation R1=R1-2R2 to make the entry at 1,2 a 0.
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Schritt 1.16.1
Perform the row operation R1=R1-2R2 to make the entry at 1,2 a 0.
[1-202-210-200-205-22-91t-136x-103y+98z179-2(-133t-185x-123y+157z537)01002-133t-185x-123y+157z53700105-202t-176x-207y+190z5370001-2191t537+68z537-36y179-193x537]
Schritt 1.16.2
Vereinfache R1.
[10001-7t-38x-63y-20z53701002-133t-185x-123y+157z53700105-202t-176x-207y+190z5370001-2191t537+68z537-36y179-193x537]
[10001-7t-38x-63y-20z53701002-133t-185x-123y+157z53700105-202t-176x-207y+190z5370001-2191t537+68z537-36y179-193x537]
[10001-7t-38x-63y-20z53701002-133t-185x-123y+157z53700105-202t-176x-207y+190z5370001-2191t537+68z537-36y179-193x537]
Schritt 2
The pivot positions are the locations with the leading 1 in each row. The pivot columns are the columns that have a pivot position.
Pivot Positions: a11,a22,a33, and a44
Pivot Columns: 1,2,3, and 4
 [x2  12  π  xdx ]